Dahlias originally come from the mountains of Mexico and Guatemala. They belong to the genus Dahlia, within the Asteraceae family, which also includes sunflowers, chrysanthemums, and daisies.
The dahlia is the national flower of Mexico. There are hundreds of varieties that differ in shape, size, and color. Dahlias are cultivated worldwide and used in gardens, public landscaping, and cut-flower production.
Historical Background
In the 16th century, Spanish explorers discovered the tree dahlia (Dahlia imperialis). This plant was used by the Aztecs, partly because its hollow stems were suitable for transporting water.
It wasn’t until the 18th century that dahlia seeds and tubers were brought to Europe via the Royal Botanical Gardens in Madrid. Initially, the plant was researched mainly as a potential food crop. Between 1810 and 1840, interest in hybridizing dahlia forms and colors increased significantly.
In 1872, a shipment of dahlia roots arrived in the Netherlands, with only one tuber surviving. This single plant led to new hybridizations, including Dahlia juarezii, marking the beginning of modern dahlia hybrids.
Types and Diversity
Dahlias are available in many different forms, including:
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Pompon dahlias
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Cactus dahlias
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Decorative dahlias
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Waterlily dahlias
They come in a wide range of colors from light to dark, making them suitable for many ornamental and floral uses.
Planting Dahlia Tubers
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Planting time: once the risk of frost has passed (usually after mid-April)
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Location: sunny spot with at least 6 hours of sunlight per day
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Soil: well-draining and rich in organic matter
Planting instructions:
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Dig a hole about 15 cm deep
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Place the tuber with the eyes facing upward
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Cover with soil and water gently
Care
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Watering: water regularly, especially during dry periods
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Fertilizing: apply a balanced fertilizer once a month
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Pinching: when the plant reaches about 40 cm, the growing tip can be removed to encourage branching
Buying Dahlia Tubers
Dahlia tubers are available from specialized bulb suppliers. Gerven Bulbs offers a wide assortment of dahlia tubers in different colors and flower shapes. The tubers are available online and suitable for ornamental gardens as well as for cut-flower use.